Low temperature and freeze injury was one of three major disasters that have disastrous effect on the development of fruit trees in Xinjiang. The factors such as the happening time, type, and limit temperature are analyzed by making the investigation of historical disaster conditions, and the database of low temperature is built. The characteristics of meteorological factors are analyzed to study the relationship between freeze injury and meteorological factors, such as the mean temperature, minimum temperature, and the duration of minimum temperature. The results shows that the quantitative indexes of freeze injury can be devised according to such factors as mean temperature in winter, minimum temperature, and the duration of minimum temperature, etc. The results are beneficial for the prevention of the freeze injury and the meteorological service of fruit production effectively.