滑雪場建設(shè)氣候條件分析
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河北省省校科技合作開發(fā)項(xiàng)目(編號:2060402)、科技部行業(yè)專項(xiàng)(編號:GYHY200806027)資助


Analysis of Climatic Conditions for Constructing Ski Resort
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    摘要:

    以河北省承德市圍場縣規(guī)劃建設(shè)的滑雪場為例,采用承德地區(qū)7個氣象站積雪觀測資料和圍場氣象站1951—2011年地面觀測資料,應(yīng)用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,分析了積雪、氣溫、風(fēng)、降水和災(zāi)害天氣(包括大霧、沙塵、雷暴和冰雹)等氣象要素年代際變化特征,評估了圍場滑雪場選址的氣候適宜性、可持續(xù)發(fā)展性和氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性。結(jié)果表明,圍場是承德區(qū)域內(nèi)滑雪場建設(shè)的首選地址,該地積雪主要出現(xiàn)在11月至次年3月,其中11月和12月為滑雪場的最佳運(yùn)營期;6—8月風(fēng)效指數(shù)達(dá)到“舒適”的日數(shù)月均在20天以上,益于滑雪淡季開展其他旅游項(xiàng)目。此外,圍場地區(qū)發(fā)生雪崩的可能性極低,災(zāi)害性天氣,尤其是雷暴和冰雹,頻發(fā)于滑雪旅游淡季,因此在滑雪場投入運(yùn)營之后應(yīng)加強(qiáng)滑雪淡季災(zāi)害性天氣的預(yù)警和防御工作。為保證該地區(qū)滑雪場的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展,建議滑雪場建設(shè)規(guī)模不易過大,且嚴(yán)格限制滑雪場數(shù)量。

    Abstract:

    Based on the snow data of seven weather stations of Chengde and the meteorological data of Weichang Weather Station from 1951 to 2011, the climate suitability, sustainability, and climate risk for the construction of a ski resort in Weichang are analyzed and evaluated through studying of the inter annual variation characteristics of meteorological factors such as snow, temperature, wind, precipitation, and weather disasters (including fog, dust, thunderstorms, and hail). The results show that Weichang is the best place to build the ski field in Chengde, where there exists snow cover mostly from November to the following March (the best time for skiing is November and December), and there are more than 20 comfortable days from June to August, which is suitable to carry out other tourism projects in the ski resort. The possibility of avalanche is very low in Weichang, but severe weather occurs frequently in off season of skiing, so the early warning and defense measures of 〖JP2〗weather disasters should be taken during this time. In order to ensure the sustainable development of the ski resort, it is recommended that the construction scale of the ski resort cannot be too large and the numbers of ski activities should be limited strictly.

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許啟慧,范引琪,于長文,劉金平.滑雪場建設(shè)氣候條件分析[J].氣象科技,2014,42(5):938~944

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  • 收稿日期:2013-10-10
  • 定稿日期:2014-01-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-10-30
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