利用兩類雷達(dá)探測(cè)資料分析超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)“威馬遜”登陸期間結(jié)構(gòu)演變特征
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(41365002)、廣西自然科學(xué)基金(2014GXNSFAA118290; 2011GXNSFE018006; 2013GXNSFAA019288)、廣西科學(xué)研究與技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目(13550104)資助


Analysis of Structural Features of Super Typhoon Ramasun during Landing Using Two Types of Weather Radar Measurements
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    摘要:

    利用實(shí)時(shí)多普勒天氣雷達(dá)、邊界層風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)和自動(dòng)站資料對(duì)超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)“威馬遜”第4次登陸廣西沿海時(shí)臺(tái)風(fēng)結(jié)構(gòu)的演變特征進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果表明:臺(tái)風(fēng)眼區(qū)氣壓呈“漏斗”形變化,具有氣壓低、風(fēng)速弱、空氣干而暖的特征;登陸過(guò)程中眼區(qū)保持圓形,半徑約為30 km,是典型強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)結(jié)構(gòu);天氣雷達(dá)徑向速度大風(fēng)區(qū)具有非對(duì)稱性,右象限大于左象限;風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)水平風(fēng)場(chǎng)能夠精確、直觀地描述臺(tái)風(fēng)不同部位經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)站時(shí)的垂直結(jié)構(gòu)特征,從低層到高層風(fēng)向先后經(jīng)歷了“東北風(fēng)—東風(fēng)—東南風(fēng)—南風(fēng)”的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程,風(fēng)速整體上呈現(xiàn)隨高度先增大后減小的特點(diǎn),其垂直速度和大氣折射率結(jié)構(gòu)常數(shù)(C2n)能夠很好地反映臺(tái)風(fēng)的結(jié)構(gòu)及其云和氣流的變化特征;兩種雷達(dá)風(fēng)場(chǎng)產(chǎn)品的風(fēng)向一致,但是VWP產(chǎn)品的風(fēng)速比風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)的要小,VWP產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)無(wú)效數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),可以用風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)產(chǎn)品作為補(bǔ)充。

    Abstract:

    Using the realtime Doppler weather radar, boundary layer wind profiler radar, and automatic weather station data, the characteristic structure evolution in the 4th landing of supertyphoon Ramasun on the Guangxi coastal is studied. The results show that the typhoon eye area had characteristics of low atmospheric pressure, weak wind speed, dry and warm air, in which atmospheric pressure showed funnelshaped changes; the typhoon eye area maintained a round shape during typhoon landing, with a radius of 30 km, a typical strong typhoon structure. In addition, the large value area of the radial velocity in radar exhibited an asymmetrical feature with the right quadrant larger than the left quadrant. The error of surface measurements is only 5.4 m/s; the horizontal wind field of wind profiler radar can reflect the vertical structure accurately and intuitively in different parts of the typhoon. Wind direction had experienced a “northeasteastsoutheastsouth” change process, and the overall characteristics of wind speed increased first and then decreased. Moreover, the vertical speed, atmospheric refractive index,structure constant (C2n) can well reflect the variation of typhoon structure, typhoon clouds and airflow; wind direction was consistent in two types of weather radar wind field products, but in VWP products wind speed was smaller than that from wind profiler radar. When there are invalid data in VWP products, wind profiler radar products can be used as complementary.

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黃明策,翟麗萍,林開(kāi)平,賴珍權(quán),黃燕波.利用兩類雷達(dá)探測(cè)資料分析超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)“威馬遜”登陸期間結(jié)構(gòu)演變特征[J].氣象科技,2015,43(6):1142~1148

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  • 收稿日期:2014-11-29
  • 定稿日期:2015-07-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-12-29
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