南極半島北部氣溫特征及與海冰的相互關(guān)系
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國(guó)家海洋局南北極環(huán)境綜合考察評(píng)估極地專項(xiàng)(CHINARE20162020)項(xiàng)目資助


Characteristics of Temperature in Northern Antarctic Peninsula and Their Relationship with Seaice
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    摘要:

    依據(jù)1974—2013年Vernadsky、Marambio、Esperanza、Marsh站月、季、年平均氣溫和各站附近海域的海冰密集度,采用線性回歸傾向估計(jì)方法,對(duì)近40年的氣溫特征及與海冰的相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明,近40年南極半島北部氣溫呈變暖趨勢(shì),海冰密集度與氣溫的變化為負(fù)相關(guān)。近40年年平均氣溫升溫情況分別為Vernadsky 2.24 ℃、Marambio 0.88 ℃、Esperanza 0.8 ℃、Marsh 0.12 ℃。冬季升溫是南極半島北部年平均氣溫升高的關(guān)鍵,西海岸則是半島北部升溫速度最快的區(qū)域。南極半島北部氣溫高值區(qū)位于喬治王島,低值區(qū)位于東海岸。20世紀(jì)90年代中期到本世紀(jì)初氣溫升溫明顯,是造成近40年氣溫變暖的關(guān)鍵期。海冰密集度除Marambio呈弱增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)外,其余3個(gè)站均明顯減少。這一變化也證實(shí)了:西海岸升溫顯著,東海岸和喬治王島升溫相對(duì)緩和。

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    According to the annual, seasonal, and monthly average temperature of Vernadsky, Marambio, Esperanza, and Marsh stations from 1974 to 2013 and the seaice concentration data from the near waters, by means of the linear regression tendency estimation method and Mexican Hat wavelet analysis method, the temperature characteristics and their relationship with seaice are studied. The results show that in the recent 40 years, the temperature in the northern Antarctic Peninsula had a warming trend; the change of sea ice concentration was negatively correlated with the change of temperature. The average temperature change was 2.24 ℃ at Vernadsky, 0.88 ℃ at Marambio, 0.8 ℃ at Esperanza, and 0.12 ℃ at Marsh. Winter warming was the key to the increase of the average temperature in the northern Antarctic Peninsula. The west coast was the fastest warming region, and the high value area is on the east coast of the George Island. The temperature rising was most obvious in the middle 1990s, which was the key period of warming in the last 40 years. The seaice concentrations, except the weak growth at Marambio, were significantly reduced the remaining three stations. This change also confirms that the warming was relatively significant in West Coast and relatively moderate in the east coast and the King George Island.

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李靜鋒,卞林根,段居琦,丁卓銘,韋覃武,逯昌貴.南極半島北部氣溫特征及與海冰的相互關(guān)系[J].氣象科技,2016,44(5):763~768

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  • 收稿日期:2015-09-10
  • 定稿日期:2016-06-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-13
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