Using the MODIS level3 product MCD12Q1 and Chongqing ADTD lightning location information from 2008 to 2013, choosing the rectangular region between 106 °-107 °E, 29 °-30 °N as the study area, combined with frequency, current intensity, time and landforms, the research is conducted on the relationship between the types of land cover and the distribution of cloudtoground lightning. The results show that the lightning distribution has significant difference in the study area corresponding various landcover types; the lightning densities in waters, farmland and urban are higher than the average; the lightning distributions in mildtomoderate and strong flashes have obvious difference; strong lightning occurs in waters and woodland more frequently; there is no marked relationship between land cover types and seasons; lightning distributions in day and night have obvious difference in some land covers; the lightning distribution is closely related to landforms in same land covers.