Selecting the 17 cities in Shandong Province as research objects, the index system is determined by three factors of affecting agricultural droughts in Shandong Province: natural environment, economic environment, and social environment. The model of agricultural drought frangibility zoning is constructed, and the judgment matrix for Shandong Province is established. Agricultural drought frangibility assessment studies in Shandong Province are conducted, and the frangibility zoning chart of agriculture drought for 17 cities/prefectures in Shandong Province. The results show that from 2000 to 2013, there were 5 nonfrangible cities, 4 slight frangible ones, 4 frangible ones, 3 seriously frangible ones, 1 extremely serious frangible one in fragile rating in Shandong Province. Overall, the spatial distribution pattern of agricultural drought frangibility in Shandong Province is roughly lower in southeast and northwest, higher in central and southwest. The frangibility zoning results reflect the regional differences of agricultural drought risk degree in Shandong Province, and the higher frangibility cities should be as the key area of agricultural drought disaster prevention.