武漢市一次對(duì)流梅雨暴雨過程診斷分析
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)國(guó)際合作研究項(xiàng)目(41620104009)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金應(yīng)急管理項(xiàng)目(41541037)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41375057)資助


Diagnostic Analysis of a Convective Meiyu Rainstorm in Wuhan
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    摘要:

    2016年7月5—6日武漢市發(fā)生對(duì)流梅雨暴雨,出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重城市內(nèi)澇。分析對(duì)流云團(tuán)活動(dòng)、天氣系統(tǒng)與物理量演變,結(jié)果表明:①對(duì)流云團(tuán)來自江漢平原東部,暴雨前期對(duì)流云團(tuán)合并發(fā)生在2個(gè)〖WTBX〗β〖WTBZ〗云團(tuán)之間,中期2個(gè)〖WTBX〗β〖WTBZ〗云團(tuán)先后與1個(gè)〖WTBX〗α〖WTBZ〗云團(tuán)合并,后期對(duì)流云團(tuán)無(wú)明顯合并,雖有向西的指狀對(duì)流云生成,武漢市強(qiáng)降雨還是開始減弱。②暴雨發(fā)生在200 hPa南亞高壓東伸脊北側(cè),500 hPa副熱帶高壓在江南加強(qiáng)西進(jìn)過程中,500 hPa緯向切變轉(zhuǎn)為低槽東移,850 hPa江漢平原低渦則是迴旋少動(dòng),高空偏北風(fēng)急流左側(cè)水汽輻散與偏南風(fēng)低空急流前方水汽輻合耦合有利于啟動(dòng)強(qiáng)降雨。③武漢站200~850 hPa,500~850 hPa風(fēng)垂直切變明顯,400 hPa干空氣入侵,共同觸發(fā)了強(qiáng)降雨。

    Abstract:

    A convective Meiyu rainstorm took place in Wuhan from 5 to 6 July 2016, which caused serious urban water logging. The convective clouds influencing the weather system and physical elements are studied. The results show: (1) The convective clouds came from the eastern Jianghan Plain. During the heavy rain in Wuhan, two β convective cells merged at the first stage, and two 〖WTBX〗β〖WTBZ〗 convective cells merged with 〖WTBX〗α〖WTBZ〗 cloud successively at the second stage, in which rainfall in Wuhan strengthened dramatically. At the last stage, because the convective cloud cluster passed Wuhan without obvious merger, the heavy rainfall began to reduce, though there appeared the westward fingerlike convective clouds. (2) The heavy rain took place while the subtropical high was strengthening and moving westward. During the rainstorm, Wuhan was located at the northeast side of the ridge stretching eastward from the South Asia high at 200 hPa. The zonal shear line turned to a trough and moved eastward at 500 hPa; the vortex maintained over the Jianghan plain at 850 hPa. It was a favorable condition for the heavy rain that Wuhan was in the water vapor divergence zone locating at the left side of the northerly wind jet at 200 hPa, coupling with the water vapor convergence zone in front of the lowlevel southerly jet at 850 hPa.(3) As the wind direction over Wuhan turned out to be northwest at 200 hPa, wind speed increased at 500 hPa, both vertical shear between 200 hPa and 850 hPa and between 500 hPa and 850 hPa increased dramatically. Dry air appeared at 400 hPa. These three factors motivated the rainstorm to burst.

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張端禹,崔春光,廖移山.武漢市一次對(duì)流梅雨暴雨過程診斷分析[J].氣象科技,2018,46(3):594~604

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  • 收稿日期:2017-05-27
  • 定稿日期:2018-01-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-28
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