基于數(shù)字高程的波束遮擋訂正及在雷達(dá)定量估測(cè)降水中應(yīng)用
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(2018YFC1506100)資助


Application of DEMBased Beam Occlusion Correction in Radar Quantitative Estimation of Precipitation
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    摘要:

    地形的起伏使雷達(dá)波束受到嚴(yán)重的遮擋,使回波數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量受到很大干擾。本文使用SRTM任務(wù)的DEM數(shù)據(jù)和谷歌公司的DEM數(shù)據(jù)分別計(jì)算了位于北京南郊的S波段雷達(dá)低仰角的波束遮擋率,建立了部分遮擋區(qū)域的回波反射率訂正關(guān)系,并在2018年5月19日北京一次大范圍層狀云降水過(guò)程中,對(duì)波束遮擋訂正前后的雷達(dá)定量估測(cè)雨量與地面3個(gè)雨量計(jì)觀測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了定性與定量化對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果表明:①波束遮擋訂正有助于改善反射率因子的空間連續(xù)性。波束遮擋訂正后的仰角0.5°的反射率與1.5°的反射率之間的差值整體呈現(xiàn)縮小特征,符合層狀云降水垂直廓線特點(diǎn)。②09:00—11:00,相比波束遮擋訂正前的雷達(dá)定量估測(cè)雨量(QPE),波束訂正后的QPE準(zhǔn)確性得到改善,使用分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差與歸一化平均偏差評(píng)價(jià)波束遮擋訂正前后QPE與雨量計(jì)實(shí)測(cè)值之間的誤差,波束訂正后的反射率估測(cè)雨量與雨量計(jì)實(shí)測(cè)雨量一致性更好。

    Abstract:

    Because of radar beam occluded seriously by terrain, the quality of echo data is greatly disturbed. In this paper, the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data of SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) task and Google Company are used to calculate the beam occlusion rate of Sband radar at low elevation angle at Nanjiao of Beijing, and the echo reflectance correction relationship for the partial occlusion area is established. In the process of a largescale stratiform precipitation in Beijing on 19 May 2018, the qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis of the radar quantitative estimation of rainfall before and after the beam occlusion correction and the observation results from three rain gauges on the ground are performed. The results show: (1) Beam occlusion correction helps improve the spatial continuity of the reflectivity factor. The reflectance difference between 0.5° and 1.5° of elevation angle after the beam occlusion correction is reduced as a whole, which is consistent with the vertical profile of the stratiform cloud precipitation. (2) On the same day, between 09:00 and 11:00, the accuracy of the radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) after beam correction is improved. Using the Grading Standard Error and the Normalized Mean Bias (NMB) to evaluate the error between QPEs before and after the beam occlusion correction and measured values from the rain gauge, the result shows that the reflectivity after beam correction is more consistent with the measured rainfall from the rain gauge.

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陳婉婷,何建新,史朝,馬建立,林青云.基于數(shù)字高程的波束遮擋訂正及在雷達(dá)定量估測(cè)降水中應(yīng)用[J].氣象科技,2020,48(1):9~14

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  • 收稿日期:2019-02-25
  • 定稿日期:2019-06-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-02-26
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