In order to analyze the characteristics of waterlogging disaster of summer maize in Anhui Province, and quantitatively evaluate the risk level of waterlogging disaster, in this paper we use the 48year meteorological data of Anhui Province (1971-2018), based on the waterlogging index model of summer maize, to calculate the temporal and spatial characteristics of waterlogging disaster and establish the grade index of waterlogging. Finally, through the disaster damage risk index model, we gain the risk distribution of waterlogginginduced yield loss of summer maize. The results show that the waterlogging index in the whole growth period of summer maize increased significantly at a rate of 0.027 per 10 years, and the upward trend was most obvious in early June and early August. The value of waterlogging index is between 0.08 and 0.38, and the high value area of summer maize waterlogging index include the Dabie mountain area, the central and eastern Jiangnan regions and some areas of the Huaibei region. The grade index of waterlogging disaster is relatively unanimous with the actual waterlogginginduced yield reduction, and the proportion of waterlogging grade being consistent with the actual yield reduction rate was 82.2%; The risk distributions of waterlogginginduced yield loss shows that the Dabie mountain and eastern Jianghuai and Jiangnan are high risk areas. The results have a good reference significance for regional agrometeorological disaster prevention and mitigation.