一種國突預(yù)警信息分布式傳輸模型設(shè)計(jì)與驗(yàn)證
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“預(yù)警信息精準(zhǔn)靶向發(fā)布”青年創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)(CMA2023QN02),對(duì)發(fā)展中國家科技援助項(xiàng)目(KY202204004),中國氣象局氣候變化專題項(xiàng)目(QBZ202410)資助


Design and Validation of a Distributed Transmission Model for National Emergency Early Warning
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    摘要:

    國家突發(fā)事件預(yù)警信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)(國突系統(tǒng))是國家應(yīng)急指揮調(diào)度平臺(tái)的重要組成部分, 是連接各部門的關(guān)鍵傳輸樞紐,在傳播預(yù)警信息方面發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。隨著國突系統(tǒng)中預(yù)警數(shù)據(jù)種類和數(shù)量的急速增加,系統(tǒng)的承載能力和吞吐量面臨嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn),制約了預(yù)警信息傳播的及時(shí)性和可用性。同時(shí),大量的信息積壓在省級(jí)平臺(tái),不利于預(yù)警信息的深度挖掘和價(jià)值體現(xiàn),制約了精細(xì)化應(yīng)急決策服務(wù)能力。為了解決國突系統(tǒng)傳輸效率的問題,本文提出了一種預(yù)警信息分布式傳輸方案:采用兩級(jí)部署四級(jí)應(yīng)用模式,緩解多級(jí)部署導(dǎo)致的系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定性;綜合利用消息中間件技術(shù),添加數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)木彺婺芰Γ收闲迯?fù)后,省級(jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)可以自動(dòng)恢復(fù)傳輸,無需人工補(bǔ)錄;使用分布式集群技術(shù),有助于提高系統(tǒng)的可擴(kuò)展性,降低大規(guī)模故障的可能;設(shè)計(jì)傳輸消息的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu),使得傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)種類可動(dòng)態(tài)擴(kuò)展;強(qiáng)化了信息交互的安全認(rèn)證和數(shù)據(jù)一致性校驗(yàn)。所有功能使用接口對(duì)其他系統(tǒng)提供服務(wù),以方便與其他業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)的連接。實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示,典型場(chǎng)景下一個(gè)通用警報(bào)協(xié)議文件寫入服務(wù)大約需要6.7 ms,讀取大約需要11.4 ms。在及時(shí)恢復(fù)響應(yīng)方面,實(shí)驗(yàn)也證明了該模型的有效性。傳播模型在貴州省的試點(diǎn)應(yīng)用中取得了顯著成效。結(jié)果表明,該模型的傳輸效能比現(xiàn)行國突系統(tǒng)提高94.5倍,證明它是一種可全國實(shí)施的實(shí)用解決方案,有助于提高國省之間的預(yù)警信息傳輸效率。

    Abstract:

    The National Early Warning Release System (NEWRS) is an essential part of the National Emergency Command and Dispatch Platform System. It serves as a key transmission hub connecting various departments and plays a very important role in disseminating warning information. With the increase in the variety and volume of warning data, the NEWRS faces challenges. The capacity and throughput of the NEWRS are under intense restrictions. Problems like low transmission efficiency, limited data processing capability, and high system failure are serious. These problems affect the timely availability of disseminating warning information. The phenomenon that a large amount of data can only exist in the original system is significant. These data are not shared, which does not help to integrate data. It also limits data mining and advanced warning decision-making services. The paper presents a distributed transmission plan for warning data. It promotes a warning transmission model to solve these problems. The transmission model can serve four levels of application: national, provincial, municipal, and county levels. However, it is implemented at national and provincial levels to relieve the instability of the NEWRS caused by multi-level deployment. Meanwhile, it enhances data transmission with caching services using message-oriented middleware technologies. Provincial nodes can serve as a caching function. Once the fault is fixed, provincial nodes can resume transmission automatically. Besides, the transmission model employs distributed clustering technologies to help increase the scalability of the system and reduce the possibility of large-scale failures. It can continue to work when there are some node errors. The warning transmission model improves message-oriented middleware by designing a message data structure, so the transmission model can support dynamic expansion for data types. At the same time, security authentication and data consistency verification for data exchange have been strengthened. All these functions are provided as interface services to facilitate integration with other business systems. To verify these capabilities of the warning transmission model, we conduct experiments in data carrying capacity. Writing a Common Alert Protocol message data requires around 6.7 milliseconds, and reading it takes about 11.4 milliseconds. In timely recovery response, the experiments also show the model is effective. Notably, the transmission model achieves remarkable results in the pilot application in Guizhou Province. The results show that the transmission efficiency of the model is confirmed to be about 94.5 times higher compared to the NEWRS. It has been shown as a practical solution with the potential for nationwide implementation. This will improve the efficiency of communication between national and provincial levels.

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引用本文

宋瑛瑛,韓強(qiáng),王佳禾,惠建忠,蘇靜文.一種國突預(yù)警信息分布式傳輸模型設(shè)計(jì)與驗(yàn)證[J].氣象科技,2025,53(2):293~300

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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-09
  • 定稿日期:2024-11-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-04-21
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