基于自動(dòng)氣象站和風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)資料的大理機(jī)場(chǎng)風(fēng)切變分析與應(yīng)用
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Analysis and Application of Wind Shear at Dali Airport Using AWS and Wind Profiler Radar Data
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    摘要:

    根據(jù)2016—2017年大理機(jī)場(chǎng)航空器報(bào)告的風(fēng)切變事件,利用同時(shí)段的自動(dòng)氣象觀測(cè)資料、風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)資料對(duì)大理機(jī)場(chǎng)風(fēng)切變進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析。結(jié)果表明:①風(fēng)切變均發(fā)生在每年的11月至次年4月,1月、2月最多;主要發(fā)生于07:00—13:00,一半出現(xiàn)在晴天;發(fā)生在350 m以下占83%。②100 m以下的風(fēng)切變,地面均有陣性風(fēng),最大最小風(fēng)速差>6 m/s;發(fā)生在15~91 m的6次風(fēng)切變,5次報(bào)告風(fēng)切變的一端風(fēng)向變化超過(guò)180°,南北兩端地面風(fēng)出現(xiàn)對(duì)頭風(fēng),風(fēng)速差異明顯。AWOS(Automated Weather Observation System)捕捉到風(fēng)向風(fēng)速的明顯變化可為近地層風(fēng)切變預(yù)警提供參考。③發(fā)生在高度較高的風(fēng)切變,雷達(dá)資料在遭遇風(fēng)切變高度的上下層存在≥8 m/s風(fēng)速差,能確定上下層風(fēng)不連續(xù)的準(zhǔn)確高度、開(kāi)始時(shí)間和結(jié)束時(shí)間。④機(jī)場(chǎng)區(qū)域常出現(xiàn)地面風(fēng)速大而上空風(fēng)速小或地面風(fēng)速小而上空風(fēng)速大的情況,結(jié)合地面風(fēng)和風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)資料可為今后低高度風(fēng)切變的初步預(yù)警提供參考。

    Abstract:

    According to the wind shear events reported by aircrafts at Dali Airport in 2016 and 2017, the wind shear at Dali Airport is analyzed by using the automatic meteorological observation data and wind profiler radar data in relevant periods. The results show that: (1) Wind shear occurs from November to April of the next year, mostly in January and February, mainly in 07:00 to 13:00, half in sunny days, and 83% below 350 m. (2) The wind shear below 100 m has gust winds on the ground, and the maximumminimum difference of wind speeds is more than 6 m/s. Six wind shear events occurred in the range of 15 to 91 m. The wind direction at one end of the five wind shear reports varied by more than 180 degrees. The ground winds at the north and south ends had opposite winds, and the difference of wind speeds was obvious. AWOS (Automated Weather Observation System) captured significant changes in wind direction and velocity, which can provide reference for early warning of nearsurface wind shear. (3) When a wind shear occurs at a high altitude, there is a difference of wind speeds (>8 m/s) between the upper and lower layers of radar data, which can determine the exact height, start time and end time of discontinuous upper and lowerlayer winds. (4) The airport area is often under the situation of large ground wind speed and small upper air wind speed or small ground wind and large upper air wind speed, so the combination of ground wind and wind profiler radar data can provide reference for the preliminary early warning of low altitude wind shear in the future.

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趙建偉,畢波,王周鶴,高兵.基于自動(dòng)氣象站和風(fēng)廓線雷達(dá)資料的大理機(jī)場(chǎng)風(fēng)切變分析與應(yīng)用[J].氣象科技,2019,47(6):1014~1020

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-27
  • 定稿日期:2019-08-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-12-16
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