1710號(hào)臺(tái)風(fēng)“海棠”外圍龍卷大氣環(huán)境條件和雷達(dá)特征分析
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2018YFC1506103) 、中國(guó)鐵路總公司重大課題(K2018T007)、江蘇省科技廳項(xiàng)目(BE2017776)、江蘇省預(yù)報(bào)員專項(xiàng)(JSYB202013)、淮安市氣象科研項(xiàng)目(201901)共同資助


Synoptic Situation and Radar Characteristics of Tornado in Outside-Region of Typhoon Haitang
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    摘要:

    2017年8月1日18:10—18:30受1710號(hào)臺(tái)風(fēng)“海棠”外圍螺旋雨帶影響,江蘇省淮安市淮安區(qū)出現(xiàn)EF1級(jí)龍卷。利用常規(guī)觀測(cè)資料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析資料、多普勒雷達(dá)資料等,對(duì)龍卷過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果顯示:龍卷發(fā)生在“海棠”殘留低壓和副高邊緣間的東南暖濕急流中,其發(fā)生前1 h地面出現(xiàn)小尺度渦旋并沿著地面輻合線移動(dòng)。龍卷影響時(shí),相鄰地面自動(dòng)站觀測(cè)到氣壓上升、氣溫和露點(diǎn)下降、風(fēng)力明顯增大。逐漸增大的對(duì)流有效位能、小的對(duì)流抑制能量、較大的0~1 km垂直風(fēng)切變、1 km以下的抬升凝結(jié)高度、干侵入等環(huán)境場(chǎng)特征均有利于本次龍卷風(fēng)暴的生成。淮安多普勒雷達(dá)探測(cè)到入流缺口、TVS特征、氣旋性風(fēng)場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)。通過(guò)垂直螺旋度分析和雙多普勒雷達(dá)風(fēng)場(chǎng)反演等方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)在龍卷發(fā)生前低層環(huán)境垂直風(fēng)切變有利于小尺度渦旋生成,中低層水平風(fēng)場(chǎng)以輻合為主。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)龍卷時(shí),氣旋式輻合中心下降有利于渦旋觸地,龍卷發(fā)生地位于低層渦旋移動(dòng)方向左前側(cè)與1 km高度切變線附近。

    Abstract:

    In the outer rain band of Typhoon Haitang, an EF1 tornado struck the Huaian District of Huaian, Jiangsu Province from 18:10 to 18:30 on 1 August 2017. Using the data of conventional observation, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, and Doppler weather radar observation, this paper analyzes a tornado process. The results show that the tornado occurred in the southeast warm and wet jet between the residual low pressure of the typhoon and the edge of the subtropical high. One hour before the occurrence, the smallscale vortex appeared on the ground and moved along the ground convergence line. The adjacent ground automatic station observed an increase in air pressure, a decrease in temperature and dew point, and a significant increase in wind force when the tornado passed by. Increasing convective available potential energy, small convection inhibition energy, large vertical wind shear between 0 and 1 km, low lifting condensation level, and dry intrusion were all conducive to the formation of this tornado storm. Huaian Doppler radar detected the inflow gap, TVS characteristic, and cyclonic wind field structure. Based on the vertical helicity analysis and double Doppler radar wind field inversion methods, the structures and evolutions of tornado are studied. It is found that the smallscale vortices had generated in the vertical wind shear of the lower environment before the tornado occurred. The horizontal wind field was dominated by convergence. When the tornado occurred, the descending of cyclonic convergence center was favorable for the vortex to touch the ground. The tornado appeared on the left front of the vortex in the lower level and formed in the horizontal wind shear below 1.5 km.

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湯潔,徐芬,吳海英,夏網(wǎng)萍,安禮政.1710號(hào)臺(tái)風(fēng)“海棠”外圍龍卷大氣環(huán)境條件和雷達(dá)特征分析[J].氣象科技,2021,49(2):235~243

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-20
  • 定稿日期:2020-08-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-04-25
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